It healed, but now the patch of skin on my penis is thin, and all it takes is one masturbation session and it gets sore again. It's been this way for a month and a half. I'm scared I've hurt myself permanently.
I would recommend applying a first-aid ointment to the area a couple of times a day and refraining from masturbation for as long a period as possible in order to allow it to heal completely. When you do masturbate, be careful and use a lubricant. I doubt you've hurt yourself permanently – but if you're absolutely unable to make the area heal for good, consult a doctor.